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ศึกษาต่อ ประเทศอินเดีย
ข้อมูลทั่วไป ภูมิประเทศ การทำวีซ่า ค่าใช้จ่าย
post ครั้งแรก: Sun 9 December 2001, 4:22 am ปรับปรุงล่าสุด: Sun 9 December 2001, 4:22 am
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Background: Nonviolent resistance to British colonialism under
Mohandas GANDHI and Jawaharlal NEHRU led to independence in 1947. The subcontinent
was divided into the secular state of India and the smaller Muslim state of
Pakistan. A third war between the two countries in 1971 resulted in East Pakistan
becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. Fundamental concerns in India include
the ongoing dispute with Pakistan over Kashmir, massive overpopulation, environmental
degradation, extensive poverty, and ethnic strife, all this despite impressive
gains in economic investment and output. Location: Southern Asia, bordering
the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan Geographic
coordinates: 20 00 N, 77 00 E Map references: Asia Area: total: 3,287,590 sq
km land: 2,973,190 sq km water: 314,400 sq km Area - comparative: slightly more
than one-third the size of the US Land boundaries: total: 14,103 km border countries:
Bangladesh 4,053 km, Bhutan 605 km, Burma 1,463 km, China 3,380 km, Nepal 1,690
km, Pakistan 2,912 km Coastline: 7,000 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone:
24 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive
economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm Climate: varies from tropical monsoon
in south to temperate in north Terrain: upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south,
flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Kanchenjunga
8,598 m
Ethnic groups: Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and
other 3% Religions: Hindu 80%, Muslim 14%, Christian 2.4%, Sikh 2%, Buddhist
0.7%, Jains 0.5%, other 0.4% Languages: English enjoys associate status but
is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication,
Hindi the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people, Bengali
(official), Telugu (official), Marathi (official), Tamil (official), Urdu (official),
Gujarati (official), Malayalam (official), Kannada (official), Oriya (official),
Punjabi (official), Assamese (official), Kashmiri (official), Sindhi (official),
Sanskrit (official), Hindustani (a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely
throughout northern India) note: 24 languages each spoken by a million or more
persons; numerous other languages and dialects, for the most part mutually unintelligible
Population: 1,014,003,817 (July 2000 est.)


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